Les Etats-Unis ont décidé d’imposer des sanctions à l’agence gouvernementale turque en charge des achats d’armes, le SSB, pour l’acquisition par Ankara du système de défense aérienne russe S-400, a annoncé lundi le chef de la diplomatie américaine Mike Pompeo.
"Les mesures prises aujourd’hui signalent clairement que les Etats-Unis […] ne tolèreront pas de transactions importantes avec les secteurs russes de la défense et du renseignement", a précisé le secrétaire d'Etat dans un communiqué.
Invoquant une loi adoptée en 2017 par le Congrès, quasiment à l’unanimité, pour "contrer les adversaires de l’Amérique à travers les sanctions" (Caatsa), Washington interdit donc désormais l’attribution de tout permis d’exportation d’armes au SSB et sanctionne financièrement le président du SSB, Ismail Demir, ainsi que d’autres dirigeants de cette agence gouvernementale turque.
Le Congrès a approuvé vendredi la loi de financement du Pentagone qui contient une provision imposant à l’exécutif de sanctionner Ankara pour les S-400, des missiles incompatibles avec les systèmes de l’Otan dont la Turquie est membre.
"Les Etats-Unis avaient clairement fait savoir à la Turquie, aux plus hauts niveaux et à de multiples reprises, que l’achat des systèmes S-400 représenterait un danger pour la sécurité des technologies et du personnel militaires américains et qu’il apporterait des fonds importants au secteur russe de la défense tout en lui donnant accès aux forces armées et à l’industrie de défense de la Turquie", a souligné M. Pompeo. "La Turquie a pourtant décidé de procéder à l’achat des S-400 et de les tester, bien qu’il existe des alternatives compatibles avec les systèmes de l’Otan pour répondre à ses besoins de défense", a-t-il ajouté.
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The United States Sanctions Turkey Under CAATSA 231
ReplyDeletePress Statement
DeleteMichael R. Pompeo, Secretary of State
December 14, 2020
DeleteToday, the United States is imposing sanctions on the Republic of Turkey’s Presidency of Defense Industries (SSB) pursuant to Section 231 of the Countering America’s Adversaries Through Sanctions Act (CAATSA) for knowingly engaging in a significant transaction with Rosoboronexport, Russia’s main arms export entity, by procuring the S-400 surface-to-air missile system. The sanctions include a ban on all U.S. export licenses and authorizations to SSB and an asset freeze and visa restrictions on Dr. Ismail Demir, SSB’s president, and other SSB officers.
The United States made clear to Turkey at the highest levels and on numerous occasions that its purchase of the S-400 system would endanger the security of U.S. military technology and personnel and provide substantial funds to Russia’s defense sector, as well as Russian access to the Turkish armed forces and defense industry. Turkey nevertheless decided to move ahead with the procurement and testing of the S-400, despite the availability of alternative, NATO-interoperable systems to meet its defense requirements. This decision resulted in Turkey’s suspension and pending removal from the global F-35 Joint Strike Fighter partnership.
Today’s action sends a clear signal that the United States will fully implement CAATSA Section 231 and will not tolerate significant transactions with Russia’s defense and intelligence sectors. I also urge Turkey to resolve the S-400 problem immediately in coordination with the United States. Turkey is a valued Ally and an important regional security partner for the United States, and we seek to continue our decades-long history of productive defense-sector cooperation by removing the obstacle of Turkey’s S-400 possession as soon as possible.
A year and a half after Turkey acquired a Russian missile defense system, violating U.S. sanctions law, President Donald Trump has implemented penalties against the NATO ally.
ReplyDeleteHis refusal to implement those sanctions had drawn bipartisan ire in Congress, but authorizing them now has enraged Turkey, including Turkish President Recep Tayyip Erdogan, amid deteriorating relations between it and its Western allies like the U.S.
The sanctions, announced by the U.S. Treasury Monday, targeted Turkey's defense procurement agency, known as the Presidency of Defense Industries, and its senior officials, including its president.
Da parte sua, il Ministero degli Esteri turco ha respinto e condannato le sanzioni unilaterali degli Stati Uniti. Il Ministero degli Esteri turco ha assicurato che il Paese prenderà le misure necessarie contro questa decisione, che "inciderà inevitabilmente negativamente sui rapporti" tra i due. Stato. "La Turchia inoltre non si asterrà dalle misure che ritiene necessarie per garantire la sua sicurezza nazionale", ha ribadito il ministero.
ReplyDeleteΟργισμένη ήταν η αντίδραση της Τουρκίας στις κυρώσεις που επέβαλαν οι Ηνωμένες Πολιτείες για την αγορά του ρωσικού αντιαεροπορικού συστήματος S-400, φτάνοντας ακόμα και στο σημείο να απειλεί την Ουάσινγκτον με αντίποινα για αυτήν την κίνηση.
ReplyDeleteΤο τουρκικό ΥΠΕΞ απέρριψε και καταδίκασε τις κυρώσεις, καλώντας τις ΗΠΑ να αναθεωρήσουν το «σοβαρό λάθος» τους και να ανακαλέσουν την απόφασή τους το συντομότερο δυνατό.
Η Άγκυρα υποστηρίζει ότι ο ισχυρισμός των ΗΠΑ ότι οι S-400 θα δημιουργήσουν πρόβλημα στα συστήματα του ΝΑΤΟ, στερείται τεχνικής βάσης. Επίσης κατηγορεί την Ουάσινγκτον ότι αρνήθηκε να αποδεχθεί «την πρότασή μας για επίλυση του ζητήματος μέσω διαλόγου και διπλωματίας».
Η Τουρκία προειδοποίησε επίσης ότι «θα λάβει τα απαραίτητα μέτρα ενάντια σε αυτήν την απόφαση», η οποία αναπόφευκτα θα επηρεάσει τις διμερείς σχέσεις.
Turkey "condemns and rejects" Washington's decision to slap sanctions on its defence officials and the Presidency of Defence Industries over Ankara's purchase of a Russian-made air defence system, and reserves the right to respond, even this means worsened relations with Washington, the Turkish Foreign Ministry has announced.
DeleteTurkey, the ministry said, will "take the necessary steps gainst this decision, which will inevitably have a negative impact on our relations. Furthermore, Turkey will not refrain from taking measures it considers necessary to ensure its national security."
The ministry did not specify what these measures may entail.
Ankara also rejected the US justification for the sanctions in relation to the threat supposedly posed to NATO by its S-400s, suggesting such claims have no basis in reality.
Delete"Turkey had proposed the creation of a technical working group with NATO's participation, and has repeatedly proposed resolving this issue on an objective and realistic basis, without political bias. We invite the United States to reconsider this unfair decision," the ministry indicated.